Tomatillo, Physalis philadelphica

Historically, tomatillos have been cultivated in Mexico for thousands of years, dating back to pre-Columbian times. They were an essential part of the Aztec and Maya civilizations’ diet and were valued for their nutritional content and culinary versatility.

Fun facts about tomatillos include that they are often referred to as “Mexican husk tomatoes” due to their characteristic papery husks. These husks help protect the fruit as it develops and ripens. Additionally, tomatillos are a close relative of tomatoes but have a distinct flavor profile.

To grow and harvest tomatillos from seeds, you will need the following materials: well-draining soil, a pot or garden bed, tomatillo seeds, compost or organic fertilizer, water, and stakes (if needed for support).

Here are the steps to grow and harvest tomatillos:

1. Seed preparation (optional): Soaking the tomatillo seeds in warm water for 1-2 hours before planting can help improve germination rates.

2. Soil preparation: Ensure that the soil is well-draining and has been enriched with compost or organic fertilizer. Tomatillos prefer slightly acidic soil.

3. Sow the seeds: Plant the tomatillo seeds about ¼ inch deep in the soil, spacing them around 2 feet apart if growing multiple plants. If starting the seeds indoors, transplant the seedlings outdoors once the risk of frost has passed.

4. Sunlight and temperature: Tomatillos thrive in full sun, requiring at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight per day. They prefer warm temperatures, ideally between 70-85°F (21-29°C).

5. Watering: Keep the soil consistently moist, but avoid overwatering, as tomatillos are prone to root rot. Water deeply when the top inch of soil feels dry.

6. Support (if necessary): As tomatillo plants grow, they may require support. Place stakes or cages around the plants to help them remain upright and support the weight of the fruit-laden branches.

7. Harvesting: Tomatillos are typically ready for harvest when the husks turn from green to yellowish or light brown and start to split. Gently remove the fruit from the plant, being careful not to damage the husks.

Precautions to take with tomatillos mainly involve handling the plants and fruits. The stems and leaves of the tomatillo plant can cause skin irritation in some individuals, so wearing gloves while pruning or harvesting is advisable. Additionally, always wash the tomatillos thoroughly before consuming.

Tomatillos are versatile in the kitchen and can be used in various dishes. They are most commonly associated with Mexican cuisine, where they are used to make green salsas, enchilada sauces, and traditional dishes like chile verde. Tomatillos can also be eaten raw, sliced in salads or as a garnish.

Regarding medicinal benefits, tomatillos contain various nutrients such as vitamins A, C, and K, as well as minerals like potassium and manganese. They also provide dietary fiber and antioxidants. While tomatillos are not widely recognized for their specific medicinal properties, their nutrient content contributes to overall health and well-being.