Common Borage (Borago officinalis) is a herbaceous annual plant that is native to the Mediterranean region but is now cultivated worldwide. It is known for its beautiful blue, star-shaped flowers and hairy leaves, and it has been used for culinary and medicinal purposes for centuries.
In culinary applications, Common Borage is known for its refreshing cucumber-like flavor and is often used as a garnish for salads and cocktails. The flowers can also be used as a beautiful edible decoration for desserts and drinks. In traditional Mediterranean cuisine, borage leaves are used to make a popular soup called “pistou,” which is similar to pesto but made with borage leaves, olive oil, garlic, and Parmesan cheese.Historically, Common Borage was used by ancient Greeks and Romans for its medicinal properties, including as a diuretic, to improve respiratory health, and to treat skin conditions. It was also used to promote lactation in nursing mothers and to soothe anxiety and depression. The plant has been cultivated since the Middle Ages, and its popularity has persisted due to its versatile uses in cooking and traditional medicine.To grow Common Borage from seeds, you will need well-draining soil, a container or garden bed, borage seeds, and full sun exposure. Sow the seeds ¼ to ½ inch deep, and water gently to keep the soil moist until the seeds germinate, which typically takes about 7-10 days. Thin the seedlings to allow for proper spacing, which is typically around 12-18 inches apart. Borage prefers full sun but can tolerate partial shade. It is a drought-tolerant plant that requires minimal watering.Borage plants prefer full sun to partial shade. While they can tolerate some shade, they typically produce more flowers and have a stronger flavor when grown in full sun. If you are growing borage in a hot and dry climate, it may benefit from some afternoon shade to prevent the leaves from wilting. However, in general, borage plants thrive in full sun exposure.Common Borage is typically harvested when the plant is in bloom. The flowers, leaves, and stems can all be harvested and used fresh or dried. To harvest the flowers, simply snip the stem just below the flower head and use them immediately or dry them for later use. The leaves can be harvested by snipping them off the stem, and the stems can be harvested by cutting them just above the base of the plant.Historically, Common Borage has been used for a variety of medicinal purposes. The plant is rich in gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), an essential fatty acid that has anti-inflammatory properties and is important for healthy skin and hair. Borage has been used to treat skin conditions, such as eczema and psoriasis, as well as to improve respiratory health and alleviate symptoms of PMS. It has also been used to soothe anxiety and depression and promote lactation in nursing mothers. Today, borage is used in various herbal remedies and supplements for its many health benefits.
